Fundamentals, application, and operation, second edition explores the major improvements in recent years to many chiller and cooling tower components that have resulted in improved performance and lower operating costs. Chilled water plant design guide december 2009 energydesignresources. Written by a leading expert in the field, the book analyzes topics such as piping, water treatment, noise control, electrical service, and energy effi. Detailed illustrations, tables, and essential hvac equations are. Chilled water systems back to basics jonathan ramajoo. It was originally expected that the temporary chiller would be necessary for only a few days until the plants permanent chiller could be fixed. The impeller 8 is mounted on the pump shaft 5 with roller bearings 7 in either overhung or center hung arrangement. Designing a chiller plant room to be the most efficient. Utilize best practices within project teams so the design intent can be implemented, commissioned, and sustained. Fundamentals of chiller plant design daikin applied. Trace 700 chiller plant analyzer software saves time by allowing easy plant configuration comparisons with a detailed wizard. Evaluating overall chiller plant performance will therefore involve an analysis of total power consumption of the compressor, pumps, cooling tower fans, etc.
Detailed illustrations, tables, and essential hvac equations are also included. There can be multiple chillers in a chilled water plant. This course is intended to give the sales engineer and technician a thorough understanding of chiller plant design. A procedure was developed to provide nearoptimum plant design for most. Refrigerant monitoring systems for mechanical equipment. Learn more about how vsds can optimize energy use at full and part load, as well as under offdesign conditions in this onehour free webcast.
Chillers can account for 35 percent of hvac energy use in many commercial buildings, but todays variable speed drives vsds can cut a chillers annual energy cost by 30 percent or more. Some chille rs can tolerate flowrate variationsas much as 50. Two types of refrigeration cycles can be used by chillers. System components must work in harmony to maximize comfort, compliance and performance. This cool fluid removes heat from the process and the warm fluid returns to the chiller. In most process cooling applications, a pumping system circulates cool water or a waterglycol solution from the chiller to the process. Hvac systems design handbook, fifth edition, features new information on energy conservation and computer usage for design and control, as well as the most recent international code council icc mechanical code requirements. Fundamentals of design and control of central chilled. Itt fluid technology corporation, 1968, primary secondary pumping application manual.
Hvac chiller systems handbook pdf a free and simple book introducing hvac chillers download free mep calculation excel sheets, autocad drawings, and training courses for hvac, firefighting, plumbing and electrical systems design. The chilled water pumps, condenser water pumps, and cooling tower fans are all. Machine design information gears, labyrinth seals, mechanical seals, orings, ball bearings, sleeve bearings, thrust bearings you can start with college books for mechanical engineering. Using variable speed drives in central plants with multiple chillers designing a chiller plant to be the most efficient defining and implementing chiller plant optimization august 16, 2012 october 11, 2012. Its long past those times when books were so rare that not everyone could afford to have them.
Mophorn 20l 70w aquarium water chiller with pump kit fish tank chiller water cooling machine shrimp tank water cooler for fresh water salt water plant tank hydroponic chiller 2. Supplemental online files are included to promote understanding of realworld scenarios. Itt fluid technology corporation, 1996, large chilled water systems design workshop manual chilled water plant pumping schemes, james j. For hvac engineers, this pdf ebook is a guide for the design of chilled water air conditioning systems. Large university central chiller plant design considerations. This section discusses the effect of flow rate and temperature decisions. This class is intended for hvac consulting engineers, energy engineers, facility managers, property managers involved in the selection, design, operation or maintenance of commercial buildings using an applied chilled water system. This new edition looks at how climate change and green designs have significantly impacted the selection of refrigerants and the application of chilled water systems. Discharge pressure the main reason to describe pump pressure as head is shown in figure 2. Water cooled chiller design data the engineering mindset.
Download free mep calculation excel sheets, autocad drawings, and training courses for hvac, firefighting, plumbing and electrical systems design. Chiller plant design elevation difference column height when pump is off building load 600 tons 50% load secondary pump 1440 gpm 480 gpm flow through decoupler flow two 400 ton chillers each at 300 tons balanced load 51. In systems with constant flow through the chillers evaporators, designers often specify maximum acceptable pressure drops. In addition to controlling the chillers, the chiller plant manager also controls and sequences all components of the chiller plant. Apply essential elements of a control design that is prescriptive and verifiable 4. Absorption chillers basics, manuals and catalogues. In just the simple process of chilling water, there are four discrete energy moving functions. Mcquay international chiller plant design, application guide 2002.
Rethinking chiller plant design journal article osti. From start to finish, any modular chiller plant takes approximately 20 weeks to design, procure, manufacture and install with proper coordination. Reference design requires two feeds for each chiller module. Roy hubbard and bill stewart, johnson controls inc. Chillerswater and aircooled chiller systems by york. The process water is the means by which heat transfers from the process to the chiller.
However, after inspection the plant learned it would take over a month to complete its repairs. Less fittings and shorter runs egress and equipment access maintained cooling tower plant layout simplified pipe layout from different equipment connections ensure safe and sufficient access is. The program calculates the energy and economic effects of virtually any chiller plant configuration using load profiles generated based on location and predefined building types. Trane chiller plant manager is an advanced control solution recommended for chiller plant applications with multiple chillers. Hvac chillers are devices that remove heat gained by a recirculating water system as it cools a building. The attendee will learn hydronics, pump design, condenser water systems, building loads and diversity, terminal devices, constant and. When a project is secured, a comprehensive design check and evaluation is. This is a pretty advanced chiller video, so if youre new to the topic then i highly recommend you start from the basics first. Chiller shutdown shutting down the refrigeration system at high concentration of refrigerant in the mechanical equipment room space is a good way to minimize refrigerant loss.
Optimization of the overall chiller plant must be performed holistically. Chillers are the main part of the cooling plant that provides chilled water to the cooling system in the facility. Fundamentals of design and control of central chilledwater plants. Principles of chiller plant design principles of chiller plant design course description. Chiller full and part load efficiencies have improved significantly over the last 10 years chillers with nplvs of 0.
The impeller discharges radially into the volute or diffuser 11, which is built into the pump casing. Trane chiller plant design pdf documents chiller plant design. This liquid can then be circulated through a heat exchanger to cool equipment, or another process stream such as air or process water. Chilled water piping distribution systems ashrae 31214. Aggreko deployed a replacement chiller and had it running along with a 1500kw generator within a day. Designing chilled water systems specifying engineer. The details of various multiple chiller plant designs will be discussed in later. The use of chillers allows the design engineer to produce chilled water in a central building location or even on the roof and distribute the water economically and without the use of large duct shafts. Chiller plant design heat exchanger air conditioning. Hvac water chillers and cooling towers provides fundamental principles and practical techniques for the design, application, purchase, operation, and maintenance of water chillers and cooling towers. Chilled water also provides accurate temperature control that is especially useful for vav applications. This chiller has a pulldown timer program to allow it to cool the supply water before starting the second or lag machine. Designingachillerplant for maximum efficiency youtube. Here, three different fluids are all acted on by the same pump.
Plant operators, energy engineers, and control system designers will also find information on loads, equipment, distribution, chiller procurement, controls, and commissioning. Chiller type centrifugal fast, absorbers slow chiller load min load no variance, full load max variance system water volume more water, more thermal capacitance, faster variance allowed active loads near or far from plant typical vsd pump ramp rate setting of 10%minute acceldecel rates set to 600 seconds 3377. Modeling and analysis of chilled water systems dtic. Once type of chilled is selected, mechanical engineer shall coordinate with the other disciplines in. Recognize the advantages and disadvantages of various control techniques to optimize chiller plant energy consumption 3. In this article we are going to be taking a very detailed look at the design data for a centrifugal, water cooled, chiller. Download chiller plant design guide free pdf mep work. Trane, in proposing these system design and application concepts. The design flow pressure drop through a pair of chillers in series is likely to be much. This document is a design guide for chilled water plants.
As a necessary byproduct, refrigeration creates waste heat that must be exhausted to ambience, or for greater efficiency, recovered for heating. However, all bypass flow is eliminated when two are operating. Good book but this is not a book for someone seeking to learn more of the details of chilled water plants or pumping configuration. This is largely because electricity does not use energy very efficiently due to transmission and combustion fuel losses, high demand charges, and the. Designing a chiller plant room to be the most efficient, thursday, october 11, 2012.
Chiller is equipment commonly used in hvac or industrial applications to cool liquids to low temperatures. Chiller 1 capacity tons 500 design flow gpm 100 2 chiller 1 chiller system load flow 2500 2000 1500 500 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 capacity tons design flow gpm min. Chilled water plant design and specification guide. The lead chiller continues to ramp up to meet the requirements of the load. Introduction when planning a plant expansion or replacing end of life equipment within large university central plants, there are many design issues and recommendations that need to be considered to ensure a highly reliable, efficient, low maintenance central plant design. Location of central plant shall be determined during the early stages of the project. A chiller is a machine that removes heat from a liquid via a vaporcompression or absorption refrigeration cycle. Chilled water plant design guide energydesignresources taylor. She has authored several articles on chilledwater plant design, and is a member of ashrae sspc 90.